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KMID : 0362520140160010017
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Journal of The Korean Academy of Dental Hygiene
2014 Volume.16 No. 1 p.17 ~ p.31
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Effects of Smoking on Dental Caries in Korean Adults (Based on the Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008, 2010)
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Kim Ji-Hye
Song Kyoung-Hee
Kim Yoon-Shin
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Abstract
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This study was performed to identify correlation between smoking habits and decayed teeth and to evaluate the multitude of influence of each factor by comparing data of the 2nd year of the 4th term and the 1st year of the 5th term of National Health and Nutrition Survey. In the raw data in 2008 and 2010, 4,607 subjects from the 2nd year of the 4th term and 4,331 subjects from the 1st year of the 5th term were selected. The inclusion criteria were adults over 19, those who finished examination and both surveys (Health and Nutrition) and those who did not have any missing values in analysis variables. Using SPSS ver 18.0, descriptive statistical analysis, cross?sectional analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed. The analysis results can be summarized as follows. 1. In demographical analysis of the subjects, it was found that there were more females than males in both samples (2008 and 2010), mean age was 47.16 and 48.14 respectively, and high school graduates are the highest ratio in both samples. In residential area, Kyunggi area was the highest ratio and according to marital status, there were more married subjects than singles. No difference was found in income. In eating habits, number of dining out and frequency of carbohydrate and beverage intake were higher in the subjects in 2010. In health related behaviors, drinking habits, physical activities, whether to take physical examination, and subjective health were higher in 2008 than in 2010. In oral health, regarding the frequency of tooth brushing twice a day was the highest answer in both 2008 and 2010 and more than 70% of subjects did not use auxiliary oral hygiene products. In incomplete treatment and subjective oral health, subjects in 2010 showed higher points and in oral examination, subjects in 2008 showed higher value. In the analysis of difference according to smoking by year, non?smokers showed higher value as 56.0% in 2008, and 56.5% in 2010 and in the analysis of dental caries of subjects by year, 2008 subjects showed higher value as 91.0% in 2008, and 89.2% in 2010. 2. In the factors influencing smoking, gender, age, income, drinking habits, carbohydrate intake frequency, beverage intake frequency, health examination, subjective health, and frequency of dining out showed statistically significant difference in 2008, while in 2010 gender, drinking habits, beverage intake frequency, subjective health status, frequency of brushing and subjective oral health showed statistically significant difference. In factors influencing dental caries, gender, subjective oral health, incomplete treatment and oral examination showed statistically significant difference in 2008, while gender, income, subjective oral health and use of auxiliary oral hygiene products were statistically significant factors in 2010. 3. In the analysis by year, 92.0% of non?smokers and 89.3% of smokers had dental caries in 2008, while 91.7% of non?smokers and 85.9% of smokers in 2010. It shows there were more dental caries among non?smokers both in 2008 and 2010 and dental caries were more prevalent among non? smokers, and that smoking did not make any effects on dental caries in both 2008 and 2010.
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KEYWORD
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Smoking habits, Decayed teeth, Oral health
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